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1. #1Pandoraselective

   Keys: Pandora · Secondary: planet

   Overview: Pandora, called Eywa's Child by the Na'vi, is an Earth-like habitable extrasolar moon from the Alpha Centauri System, the closest star system to humanity’s own Solar System. It is the fifth moon of the gas giant Polyphemus, which orbits Alpha Centauri A. It is located 26,000,000,000,000 miles from Earth. Despite being almost as large as Earth, Pandora is only a moon of a planet that has thirteen other moons. However, due to the smaller mass, Pandora's gravity is 20% less than Earth's, although its atmosphere is much denser than Earth's due to the presence of heavier gases. Depending on the position of the various moons, two or even three moons can be seen at once in the sky of Pandora. This causes solar eclipses to happen on almost a daily basis. Pandora and its sister moons also cast large black shadows on Polyphemus.

2. #2Discovery, Research and Terraformingselective

   Keys: Discovery, Research, Terraforming · Secondary: Human, Humans, Earth

   Pandora was discovered by humans using space telescopes at some point between 2050 and 2077. They were stunned by evidence of strong magnetic fields. Pandora's discovery prompted the invention of even larger space telescopes for more accurate readings. The news services would run clips of the wild scenery on Pandora and its bizarre flora and fauna, prompting many people on Earth to dream about visiting the moon, although this was mainly reserved for the hyper rich or qualified Resources Development Administration (RDA) officials. Around the year 2119, mass colonization and terraforming of Pandora began to occur by humans. While the RDA is responsible for researching Pandora and extracting resources, it also has a joint research program with the Pandoran Research Foundation. Meanwhile, the Pandora Conservation Initiative is unaffiliated with the RDA. Because humanity has ruined Earth by the 22nd century and faces extinction, Pandora is of great interest to them due to the amount of natural resources it has. The RDA has set up two major facilities on Pandora, Hell's Gate and Bridgehead.

3. #3Lifeformsselective

   Keys: Creatures, Lifeforms · Secondary: viperwolves, Pandora, titanotheres, direhorse, thanator, Na'vi, mountain banshee, leonopteryx

   Overview: Due to Pandora's lower gravity, most creatures on Pandora are hexapods (six-legged), although the Na'vi resemble humans and have only four limbs. Creatures roam the air and forest canopy below, similar to Earth's animals, but on a scale several times larger. One of the most domesticated creatures on Pandora is the direhorse, a gray-skinned, hexapodal herbivorous animal with bioluminescent qualities that the Na'vi ride when hunting, similar to the human usage of horses. The Na'vi also ride the mountain banshee to hunt from the air, but the hunter can become prey in the presence of the great leonopteryx. In the canopy below, other deadly yet exotic wild animals roam: vicious packs of viperwolves, thick skinned hammerhead titanotheres and the most fearsome predatory animal of all, the thanator.

4. #4Plantsselective

   Keys: Plants · Secondary: Na'vi, pandora, trees

   Overview: Other than the richness of varying colors, the trees resemble those of Earth. They have the familiar trunks, branches and leaves, though due to the difference in gravity, many of the shapes appear strange to humans and the proportions are greater because of the lower gravity. The trees and plant life of Pandora have formed electrochemical connections between their roots and effectively act as neurons, creating a moon-wide "brain" that has achieved sentience, which is known to the Na'vi as Eywa. Pandora's wildlife also has bioluminescent qualities. Pandora looks like a lush paradise by Earth standards during the day, but at night, virtually all life on the moon exhibits bioluminescent qualities in various shades of blue, purple and green. This possibly explains the Na'vi's blue skin color, which most likely provides them better camouflage at night on Pandora.

5. #5Atmosphereselective

   Keys: Atmosphere · Secondary: humans

   Overview: Pandora's atmosphere is a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide (>18%), xenon (>5.5%), methane, and hydrogen sulfide (>1%) and is about 20% denser than the atmosphere on Earth primarily due to the high percentage of Xenon; a heavy, colourless, odourless, and generally unreactive noble gas. The high concentration of carbon dioxide in the Pandoran atmosphere makes it extremely unbreathable for humans, rendering them unconscious in about 20 seconds and causing death in about 4 minutes when they venture out unprotected by specialized breathing masks. The hydrogen sulfide present is also quite hazardous; concentrations over 1000 ppm (0.1 %) can cause immediate collapse with subsequent loss of breathing, even after inhalation of a single breath. For Pandoran's the atmosphere is not a problem, since its their living standard.

6. #6Day-Night Cycleselective

   Keys: Day-Night Cycle

   Pandora receives significant light from Alpha Centauri B (ACB). As a result, Pandoran nights are never dark during half of the Polyphemian year, but instead are more like Earthly dusk. At the closest point in its orbit, ACB is about 2,300 times as bright as Earth's full moon; at its furthest point, it is still one hundred and seventy times as bright. During the other half of the year when ACB is in the daytime sky, many Pandoran nights are illuminated by both Polyphemus's huge disk and the reflected light from other nearby moons. Truly dark nights are uncommon. Polyphemus occasionally eclipses ACB at night for about one hundred minutes, but the light reflected by the planet still keeps the night from being dark.

7. #7Surface Featuresselective

   Keys: Surface Features, Volcanos · Secondary: Pandora, hot springs, geysers

   Pandora's land-to-water ratio is greater than Earth's, but because the land area is broken up into a larger number of smaller continents, no land area is as far from the ocean as on Earth. The moderating influence of oceans reduces extremes in temperature. Pandora is more volcanically active than Earth. There are vents both on the land and under the oceans. Many of the mountains and other surface features are of recent volcanic origin. Numerous hot springs and geysers dot the landscape, and there are several rivers that are almost boiling at the place where they erupt from underground aquifers. All of these serve to maintain the local concentrations of hydrogen sulfide gas deadly to humans.

8. #8Geographyselective

   Keys: Geography · Secondary: plains, mountains, desert, pandora, forests, volcanoes, ocean, Omatikaya clan

   The terrain on Pandora differs somewhat from place to place, as do the Na'vi clans that inhabit them. The humans have settled in the forest region which is home to the Omatikaya clan. There are different ecosystems within each region, and many species such as the mountain banshee are present over a much wider range of biomes than their name would suggest. The Pandoran surface features forests, mountains, volcanoes, plains (savanna), and oceans. A desert also exists in Anurai mythology. Like on Earth, the forests of Pandora contain a wide diversity of flora and fauna. These are all part of the giant neural network that covers Pandora. The forests are full of bioluminescent life that glows in shades of blue, green, indigo and violet during the night.

9. #9Natural Resourcesselective

   Keys: Natural Resources

   Pandora is a treasure trove of both living and nonliving natural resources. It is the first celestial body to host intelligent sentient lifeforms away from Earth and is also home to a plethora of diverse and spectacular species unlike anything ever speculated by humanity. In terms of nonliving resources, several large areas of the moon's surface contain the extremely rare superconducting mineral unobtanium. This mineral is worth twenty million standard dollars per unrefined kilogram and twice that in its refined state. The mineral's superconductivity makes it a baffling scientific discovery.

10. #10Na'viselective

    Keys: Na'vi · Secondary: Eywa

    Overview: The Na'vi are a species of sapient humanoids who inhabit the lush moon of Pandora. Although the Na'vi are hunter-gatherers with technology equivalent of Earth's Paleolithic epoch, they are highly intelligent. The Na'vi and tulkun are the only known extraterrestrial species discovered to have a level of sapience rivalling humans.

    Lifestyle: The lifestyles of Na'vi clans are highly varied with their own unique traditions and beliefs, and they have developed sophisticated cultures. Despite this, they all share a profound spiritual connection to other life on their moon, each other, and an encompassing "goddess" they call Eywa.

11. #11War with humansselective

    Keys: Humans, RDA, War · Secondary: Unobtanium

    The Na'vi are engaged in a violent war between them and humans, that was provoked by the Resources Development Administration in 2154 when the RDA, demanding a mineral called Unobtanium located under the Omatikaya clan Hometree, failed to make peace with them and find a solution to prevent any conflict. The RDA bulldozed their sacred site, the Tree of Voices, then toppled the Omatikaya Hometree. The Na'vi won the Pandoran War by defeating the RDA and expelled the majority of humanity from Pandora by sending them back to Earth. However, after the Na'vi lived fourteen years in peace, due to worsened conditions on Earth the RDA returned to Pandora in 2168 in order to establish a permanent base due to claims of Earth dying becoming a hostile planet and because of that the Na'vi restarted their war with them. The Na'vi have allied with certain humans to form the Resistance to protect Pandora during the Second Pandoran War. Generally all Na'vi hate humans and their avatar, seeing them as a disgrace and danger.

12. #12Physiologyselective

    Keys: Na'vi Physiology, Na'vi body · Secondary: Na'vi

    The Na'vi are overall humanoid in their anatomy, though they also possess feline features such as flat, bifurcated noses, large, round eyes, pointed ears that can move independently, and a long, prehensile tail used for gripping and balance. Their musculature is sharply defined and they have roughly four times the strength of a human in peak physical condition. The Na'vi use their superior strength, agility, and uncanny sense of balance to scale trees, rocks, and other obstacles with ease. In the unlikely case of a fall, they usually escape unharmed. Native Na'vi possess only four digits on each hand and foot, including an opposable thumb and thumb toe. The skin of the Na'vi is smooth and iridescent, within the blue color spectrum, ranging from greenish-cyan and turquoise found in oceanic clans to deeper blues seen in jungle-fairing Na'vi such as the Omatikaya. The color is due to the presence of cyanin pigment which can "tan" to a darker purple color after prolonged UV exposure. The skin is marked with darker-colored markings, typically stripes, although this can vary widely. Bioluminescent markings, resembling freckles, dot the skin and seem to follow the circulatory or nervous system. Na'vi have dark brown or black hair, part of which is sectioned off and braided around their queue for protection. They appear to have no other body hair except eyelashes and a small bob of fur on the end of their tails. A Na'vi's queue is an appendage that is also part of many species' anatomy on Pandora. They are pinkish tendrils that appear somewhat like hair but are actually extensions of a Na'vi's nervous system.

13. #13Reproductionselective

    Keys: Reproduction · Secondary: Kid, Baby, Children, tsaheylu, Intercourse

    Na'vi are monogamous creatures who mate for life and the process of their reproduction is similar to Terran mammals; however, though they nurse their young and possess belly buttons where they were once connected to an umbilical cord, the Na'vi are non-placental, thus the details of their internal biology and gestation period are unknown. The Na'vi do have genitalia. A female Na’vi will typically produce from one to ten offspring, often spaced widely apart in time. Female Na'vi have two breasts and nurse their infants for up to four months. Directly after birth, newborn Na'vi perform their first instance of tsaheylu with their mother to form a strong emotional bond and with her, then they are brought to the Tree of Souls to connect to the Pandoran collective consciousness for the first time.

14. #14Lifespanselective

    Keys: Na'vi Lifespan, Lifespan, death

    Na'vi live 30% longer than the average human. Once born, Na'vi children mature more rapidly than humans, reaching mental, physical, and cultural adulthood between the ages of 15 - 17 Terran years. Afterward, Na'vi experience a "plateau" of adulthood without physical decline. After their death, a deceased Na'vi's remains are laid to rest by their clan's traditional method.

15. #15Society & Cultureselective

    Keys: Clans, Society, Culture · Secondary: gender roles

    The Na'vi live across various biomes of Pandora in territorial clan societies. They have an egalitarian social organization built around hunting, foraging, and handicraft. Common roles within a clan include hunters, gatherers, and artisans, as well as warriors; however, warriors are not called such because they fight as a career - all warriors are hunters first and foremost, and only serve as warriors when they are called upon to fight for their clan. The Na'vi do not follow stereotypical gender roles. The common roles within a clan are not divided by gender, only by ability and necessity. For example, many male Na'vi do not become warriors or hunters, only learning essential self-defense in the wilderness, and instead often choose to focus on child-rearing or crafts such as weaving. Likewise, female Na'vi are known to be active hunters and clan leaders. The arts are of vital importance in Na’vi culture, with all individuals encouraged, even socially required, to be active in music, singing, ceramics, weaving, and dance. The training for a role culminates in a rite of passage; in many clans, Iknimaya is undertaken by hunters, and Uniltaron (Dream Hunt) by all members in order to be considered an adult and permitted to choose a mate. Clans have an average of 300 members and are traditionally led by an Olo'eyktan, a central leader responsible for overseeing and giving orders to the clan, and a Tsahìk, a spiritual leader or shaman who communes with Eywa and nourishes the clan spiritually. It is traditional in certain clans for these leaders to be a mated pair, though this is not always the case. These leaders will also train an heir. The Na'vi are not materialistic by nature and they encourage sharing, so they do not possess hundreds of personal items. Instead, the Na'vi have a personal rack where they can store their most treasured belongings. By tradition, a Na'vi cannot build their own rack. Instead, they must be given one as a gift from a friend or family member.

16. #16Spirituality and Philosophyselective

    Keys: Eywa, Religion

    Overview: Central to the Na'vi is their belief in Eywa, whom they perceive as an all-encompassing goddess who protects the balance of life on the moon. While the Na'vi celebrate, pray to, and give thanks to Eywa in many of their cultural practices, they do not worship Eywa in a conventional sense. The Na'vi also believe that all living things have a spiritual counterpart, or animus, which is endlessly recycled into the consciousness of Eywa and then back into living matter. Unlike some religions from Earth, the Na'vi do not view Eywa as an all-powerful, world-creating deity. They also do not believe there are any other gods, spirits, or demons associated with non-living forces of the world, such as mountains, rivers, or volcanoes. The Na'vi know that natural disasters, disease, and all other natural phenomena are not the work of Eywa, but rather, are uncontrollable, worldly forces. Eywa acts only as a defender and guide of life, who helps, protects, and guides the Na'vi against such life-threatening assaults of nature.

    laws: "You shall not set stone upon stone." "Neither shall you use the turning wheel." "Nor use the metals of the ground."

17. #17Body languageselective

    Keys: Body Language · Secondary: Na'vi, oel ngati kameie

    The Na'vi do not share typical human gestures. For example, they do not nod their head to mean "yes" and they do not shake their head to mean "no". When Na'vi encounter or greet one another, they gesture with their hand from their forehead, extending one hand down toward the other. They marry this gesture with the phrase "oel ngati kameie" (I see you). When Na'vi feel as if they are going to communicate something important to other Na'vi, they have a tendency to take the listener's hand. Na'vi are also known to hiss, especially in the encounter of a human.

18. #18Matingselective

    Keys: Sex, Intercourse, Mating · Secondary: tsaheylu

    Traditionally, once a young Na'vi has passed the tests on the path to adulthood, they are allowed to choose a mate. After the mate has been chosen, the new couple mates before Eywa. Though male Na'vi typically bond with female Na'vi, same-sex couples are not uncommon. Arranged pairings occur in certain clans, especially between heirs of the clan leader and tsahìk. Once an appropriate mate has been selected, a process that can take many years, the pair will connect queues at a sacred area such as the Tree of Voices to create an emotional bond that lasts a lifetime. The intertwining of queues (tsaheylu) creates a state of unified body consciousness in which both parties access the physical sensations of the other. While not erotic when used for the control of animals, during mating it creates a heightened awareness of the other person.

19. #19Languageselective

    Keys: Na'vi Language, Language

    Na'vi speak a single unified language. The common Na'vi tongue has remained largely unchanged for thousands of years. The Na'vi language is almost entirely oral, likely because there is little for them to write when Eywa holds the memories of their ancestors, and they entrust other Na'vi to accurately deliver their messages to others. As such, they do not have a writing system, but they do use pictograms. Beside oral language, body gestures are used to communicate. Some clans have developed a sign language for underwater communication. When speaking the human language, Na'vi have a strong accent, rolling the "r" especially.

20. #20Known Clansselective

    Keys: Clans, Windtraders · Secondary: Metkayina clan, Tawkami clan, Kame'tire clan, Tipani clan, Anurai clan, Mangkwan clan, Olangi clan, Omatikaya clan, Aranahe clan, Ta'unui clan

    Na'vi clans exist in every biome of Pandora, and each has its own unique culture, sometimes even unique physiology. Despite their differences and distance from one another, clans stay interconnected through trade and tradition.

    Clans: Anurai clan – Renowned artisans who are targeted by humans who wish to steal their artifacts. Aranahe clan - A clan of weavers that live in the Kinglor Forest. Kame'tire clan - A clan of healers who live in the Clouded Forest. Mangkwan clan – A clan close to the Omatikaya, known to be very welcoming to all who seek refuge there. Metkayina clan – Clan located on the reefs of the Pandoran ocean. Olangi clan – One of the horse clans of the plains. Omatikaya clan – A jungle-dwelling clan that lives in a Hometree, nearest to the RDA's mining operations. Ta'unui clan - A clan that lives on the Eastern Sea. Tawkami clan – A clan renowned for their knowledge of chemistry and botany. Tipani clan – One of the first to make contact with humans, renowned for their strength and use of armor. "Windtraders" - A clan of Na'vi that come from the desert who live wandering lifestyles and trade items with other clans.

21. #21Avatarselective

    Keys: Avatar

    Normally, to explore Pandora, genetically matched human scientists use Na'vi-human hybrids called "avatars". Avatars look a little different than normal Na'vi, since they have 5 instead of 4 fingers. An avatar is a biological shell or clone of a Na'vi-human hybrid, crafted with the combined DNA of a Na'vi and specific human volunteer. Avatars are used to help humans explore Pandora, without breathing equipment, as the atmosphere on Pandora is toxic to humans.

22. #22Tomokaya Clanselective

    Keys: Tomokaya Clan

    The clan's members share a deep connection with the forest and especially Eywa herself due to them being responsible for protecting the Tree of Souls. Two Toruk Maktos have been members of the clan. The clan is led by an Olo'eyktan(Clan Leader) and Tsahìk(the spiritual leader of a Na'vi clan), who are typically a mated pair.

    The Tomokaya Clan organizes themselves around carving or pottery, being one of the largest Clans to do so. Next to this, the Tomokaya clan builds practical items and tools for everyday survival, totemic storytelling and enjoyment. They use sustainable materials from the rainforest such as wood, minerals, gourds, reeds and plant leaves, and even the remains of deceased animals such as their bones. All members specialize in at least one craft-making skill. The clan encourages their children to make crafts with clay, shaping small figurines for themselves.

    Habitat The Tomokaya are a jungle-dwelling clan lives in one of the Hometrees. Their Hometree is over 20,000 years old and 400 meters tall. The clan makes use of all of its levels, with the deepest, underground chamber being reserved for ceremonies, the surface level for general living and gatherings, the upper chambers for cultivating hammocks to sleep on, and the canopy for sheltering the hunters' ikrans.

    The Tomokaya Clan is strictly in war with humans and the leaders dislike them.

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