Hercules-Heracles | The Demigod of the 12 Labors

1. #1Mount Olympus

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   Mount Olympus:

   "Mount Olympus; born from the depths of the Underworld, rooted in the River of Souls, the mountain emerged from Chaos. As it grew, so did the power of the Olympians. It created a world of peace, a world of prosperity, a world that lives in the shadow and safety of the mountain, which has become the absolute measure of strength and power."

   Hystory: It is the highest mountain in Greece and is located in Thessaly. It was said to be the home of the Twelve Olympians, the principal gods of the Greek pantheon, who lived in crystal mansions. After the Great Titanomachy, the Palace of Olympus was built by the Cyclopes, the one-eyed giants freed by Zeus from the depths of Tartarus. In gratitude, they gifted Zeus his characteristic thunderbolts. Hephaestus, the skilled god of blacksmiths and the forge, created all the furniture and works of art on Olympus, and even crafted some of the chairs and tables that could move on their own in and out of the celestial hall.

   Appearance and what it was like: It's a city of palaces, the home of the gods, halfway between the physical world and the celestial realm, the heavens where the gods truly live, separate from mortal reality. In the heavens, where the wind never blows and there is no snow, it's always sunny. It's Mycenaean in style, with classical Greek palaces, one house for each god who lived there, and in the very center, at the highest point, was Zeus's palace, with golden bronze floors and a throne made of clouds.

   Interesting facts: Mount Olympus is where the gods rule and where they come to speak with Zeus, who has an exclusive place of his own on Olympus. After the Titanomachy, the sons of Cronus drew lots to determine the world. Hades won the Underworld, Poseidon the seas, and Zeus the physical sky. The agreement was that the three brothers would each receive a portion of the world. However, the Earth remained without a king due to its vastness, and Mount Olympus was decreed to be shared, with the three brothers ruling it.

   Places:

   • Assembly of the Gods: A common hall for all the gods, a bronze-floored room where each of their golden thrones stood, with a bonfire in the center.
   • Chain of Balance: The Chain of Balance was a gigantic chain that stretched from the Underworld to Mount Olympus. At the latter, it was supported by onyx bases. The Chain of Balance connected the Underworld to Mount Olympus, creating (as its name suggests) a balance between the two worlds. -The Garden of Olympus: The Garden of Olympus is a labyrinth of gardens with marble walls that belonged to the goddess Hera. It was enormous and bountiful, where every seed planted germinated abundantly. The animals and pets of the gods played peacefully there. It was located on Mount Olympus, just below the platforms of the Upper Gardens where Demeter governs the plants of the world. -Aeolus's Vents: The Aeolus's vents were located around Mount Olympus. These vents carried large quantities of air upwards, allowing one to ascend to different parts of the mountain. In addition to using the air to fly upwards, it was also used to descend through an airless vent. There were also smaller vents that produced currents strong enough to lift a person. -Olympus Caves: The Olympus Caves were located in the center of Mount Olympus, an underground paradise. Ancient glyphs adorn the walls of Cascade. The color palette of this region is mainly indigo and blue, with the occasional deep black. Mushrooms, Echo Flowers, gems embedded in the walls, and the water in some areas glow with an intense blue. As its name suggests, Cascade often has pools that create an immersive atmosphere, and in some areas, the ceiling drips. All kinds of subterranean plants grow here, some of which are now extinct. Beautiful and immense, these catacombs are used by people who want to enter Olympus without the gods' permission. Being far from Zeus's domain, Hephaestus created three mechanical beasts—a bull, a harpy, and a serpent—to hinder the passage of squatters. -The Sanctuary of the Flame of Olympus: The Flame of Olympus was an absolute power, more powerful than the Olympian gods themselves. Despite its seductive brilliance, it was lethal to anyone who touched it, regardless of their divinity, and could only be touched with the permission of a god. The palace is an enormous golden vault with elevators that lift a person to the pedestal of the Flame of Olympus. The Titan Prometheus stole this flame and gave humans the knowledge of how to make it, granting them the power to create fire. -The Battle Arena or Forum: The Arena or Forum was a battlefield located on Mount Olympus, more precisely on one of its slopes. It was probably the gods' favorite place to witness and even participate in battles, functioning as a small coliseum. It had tiered seating, and in the main arena, two thrones, belonging to Zeus and Hera respectively, could be seen in the center of the tiers. However, Hercules was apparently the Olympian who used and commanded the Arena most frequently, for his own entertainment. There was an iron gate beneath the aforementioned thrones, through which warriors and enemies could enter. Large statues of goddesses adorned the walls, and some walls were covered with overgrown, thorny vines. -Hyperion Gates: These portals, named after the great Titan Hyperion, were scattered throughout Olympus and used to travel great distances in a very short time. They were also easy to use for very short distances, functioning as teleportation portals that instantly transported their user from one place to another. The most notable example is the one to the Underworld, which transported its user back to Olympus. Several gates were located near the Chain of Balance. Another Hyperion Gate connected Poseidon's Chamber, Aphrodite's Chamber, and the Forge, though it was rarely used. -The Path of Eos: The Path of Eos is a hidden cavern located near the foot of Mount Olympus. It is accessed through a hidden door in the mountainside. Beyond the door extends the Path of Eos, comprised of numerous tunnels, stone paths, and walkways. Some sections of the path are very dark, requiring a powerful light source to traverse them. The path is swarming with Sentinels of Olympus, Archers of Olympus, and Specters of Olympus. At the end of the path is a gigantic Aeolian chimney, used to reach the Caverns of Olympus, located higher up the mountain. -Zeus's Battle Arena: The arena consisted of two rocky outcrops shaped like eagle wings, which were eventually destroyed during Gaia's disappearance. This place was a ritual site where Zeus practiced his fighting skills and was forbidden to mortals. It was a circular arena with a huge golden eagle emblem in the center and a small altar in front of it. -Hestia's Hearth/The Olympian Prytaneion: The common area of ​​the gods located in the center of Olympus, where the bedroom/hearth is located, where Hestia rests upon her sacred flame. -The Gardens of Demeter. The Gardens of Demeter are vast expanses of fields on Mount Olympus where Demeter works the land and moves the seasons; in short, Demeter's work area.
2. #2Temple of Helios

   Keys: Temple of Helios

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   Temple of Helios

   "The temple upon which the chariot of Helios rests and from which it departs. The means of transport that the Horses of Fire carried through the sky each day, allowing the brilliance of Helios to illuminate all of humanity."

   The Temple of Helios is a structure built for Helios, the Sun God, hidden within the Chariot of the Sun.

   History: Beyond the city of Marathon lies a temple, shaped like a gigantic chariot. The temple it houses is actually the Chariot of Helios, brought from the sky to Earth by the Horses of Fire.

   Appearance: The temple is filled with sculptures honoring Helios and the Horses of Fire, and in the center stands a large statue of Eos, the Goddess of Dawn and sister of Helios.

   Locations:

   • The Throne Room of Helios: Here you will find the Shield of the Sun, necessary to access the different chambers of the temple.

   • The three statues: In honor of the Horses of Fire, the spirits of each horse rest in their respective statues; to the east, west, and south of the temple. The first one he finds and releases possesses the spirit of Euros, the God of the East Wind; then that of Notos, the God of the South Wind; and finally that of Zephyrs, the God of the West Wind.

   Upon releasing them, they create a stream of light that flows to the Sanctuary of the Fire Horses, the front part of the temple and the location of three statues representing the Fire Horses.

3. #3Hades Erebus Underworld

   Keys: Hades Erebus Underworld:

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   Hades / Erebus / Underworld:

   The Underworld is the realm of the dead in Greek mythology, where all mortals go after death. It is ruled by Hades, the god of the Underworld. It is described as a cold, cavernous, and wet landscape located directly below the world of the living and beneath the ocean, where the River Styx carries even the strongest mortals to their eternal abode.

   Fun fact: Hades is not only a land of the dead, but also a land of riches and monsters; it is full of all things that could frighten and terrify.

   The Rivers of the Underworld: -Styx (Hatred): The Styx lagoon is one of the oldest in the universe. This lagoon is connected to the River Styx, which draws its waters from it. It is the lagoon in which the gods swore oaths, and its waters could grant invulnerability if one submerged in them and managed to emerge. -The Phlegethon -The Phlegethon (whose meaning is "Burning Fire" or "The Burning One"): It is so named because of its wild waters and rivers that are so strong they can be compared to fire. -The River Cocytus (whose meaning is Kôkytos or lament): It is one of the five rivers of Hades in Greek mythology. Known as the river of lament, its waters are described as black and icy, composed of the weeping and eternal sadness of souls. The Cocytus is one of the rivers that flow into the Acheron. The souls of the dead who failed to pay Charon or who wandered restlessly often ended up on its banks. Along with the Phlegethon (the river of fire), the Cocytus is strongly associated with punishment and eternal torment. -The River Acheron: the twin of the River Styx, which is also found at the entrance to the underworld. Charon crossed this river and the Styx to carry the souls of the dead.

   Places in the Underworld: -The Garden of Gates: For some reason, there are many gates in the underworld with countless functions, some for different types of dead, some more abstract than others. There is a gate for the sun, where Helios and his steeds pass when they finish their journey of carrying the sun across the sky and letting the night pass. And there are the gates of sleep; there are several, but the two most important are one of ivory and the other of horn. The ivory gate is not significant, and those who pass through the horn gates are prophetic dreams. -Islands of the Blessed: The Isles of the Blessed (also known as the Fortunate Isles) are a paradise located at the far west of Hades. They were the place of eternal rest where Cronus reigned. When Zeus imprisoned the Titans, Cronus escaped, arriving in Italy. There he ruled the humans of the area alongside the Roman god Janus before retiring when he learned that humans were fine on their own. He went before Zeus to apologize for his actions, and Zeus sent him to Tartarus but then gave him the Isles of the Blessed to reign over, a place of beautiful flowers where the people Cronus wants to be on his island go. Hades' Palace: The palace of Hades, located in the Underworld, was the residence of the god Hades and his wife Persephone. The three judges of the Underworld—Minos, Rhadamanthus, and Aeacus—sat in the courtyard. There, at the sacred trivium to Hecate, where three paths converge, souls were judged: they returned to the Fields of Asphodel if they were neither virtuous nor wicked, they were sent down the path to Tartarus if they were impious or wicked, or they were sent to Elysium (Islands of the Blessed) with the "irreproachable" heroes or if you were a good person or a "model" person. The place is an elegant but cold and dusty hall, with checkered floors covered in cobwebs. Pirithous, Theseus's friend who came to kidnap Persephone, is also there. Although he was tortured at first, he was pardoned because they liked him, and now he acts as a doorman who greets the souls that enter the palace. -Temple of Persephone: The Temple of Persephone is a temple dedicated to Persephone, the queen of the underworld and wife of Hades. Located in the underworld, it has gold floors and marble columns, reddish lighting, and connects to the Garden of Persephone. -Groves of Persephone: Before pure souls could enter the Elysian Fields, they had to reach a grove of black poplars and barren willows. This was the Grove of Persephone. There, the souls met Hades and his wife Persephone. Pillar of the World: The Pillar of the World was a pillar located in the Underworld that supported the Greek world and prevented its collapse. Directly above the pillar was the Island of Creation. -Asphodel Meadows - Ruins of Asphodel: The Asphodel Meadows is the "neutral" region of the Underworld. Also known as the Meadows of Asphodel, it lies between the Elysian Fields and the depths of Tartarus. There, the souls of those who were neither good enough to enter Elysium nor wicked enough to be imprisoned in Tartarus spend eternity. These are beautiful but not particularly lovely fields where asphodel flowers bloom, and ash occasionally falls nearby. In the same area are the Ruins of Asphodel Meadows, mysterious remains of temple-like structures located within the meadows. -Elysian Fields: The Elysian Fields were the part of the Underworld where the souls of the good and pure resided. Unlike the rest of the Underworld, it was a paradise, and there stood the World Pillar, a gigantic column that supported the Greek world. The Elysian Fields are inhabited by souls considered pure or virtuous. These souls live in harmony, forming an idealized community free from suffering. The realm lacks rulers, government, or structured social systems; instead, it represents a peaceful afterlife reserved for those deemed worthy. In mythology, the realm can also house heroes or those who died nobly. -Gates of Tisiphone: Gates of Tisiphone. The image of the World Pillar was engraved on them. If you solve the riddle necessary to open the gates, you can enter the domains of Gaia, where one of the most precious objects in the entire universe is found: the Omphalos Stone, the stone that Gaia used to deceive Cronus. -Tartarus: Tartarus was the darkest part of the Underworld. There, the souls of the wicked were sent to be tortured eternally, and there Zeus imprisoned the Titans. Tartarus was conceived as the opposite of heaven, an inverted dome lying beneath the Earth. It is a place of darkness and destruction, a place of profound gloom, far from light and divine blessings. It is a place of torment, a space of pain where the wicked are punished alongside the Titans in an eternal condemnation. Some souls tortured in Tartarus may be given a chance to be reborn and purified. -The Pit of Tartarus: This was the site of the Titanomachy between the Olympian gods and the Titans. The deepest part of Tartarus, after the great ten-year war, the Pit of Tartarus was used to imprison the Titans and to create a statue of Zeus in his victory.

4. #4Island of Creation

   Keys: Island of Creation

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   Island of Creation:

   The Island of Creation is the place where all life in Greece began. According to legend, it is the home of the Sisters of Fate and lies at the edge of the Greek world. It is so far removed from any civilization that it would take at least six days riding Pegasus nonstop to reach it from near the center of Greece. It is also one of the most heavily guarded places known, as whoever manages to defeat the sisters will be able to change their destiny and control time itself.

   Creation: When the universe arose, only Chaos existed. Over time, Chaos grew tired of being just chaos and created its first creature, Pontus, the primordial sea from which everything emerged. This pleased it, and then it created Nyx and later Gaia. They joined Chaos, and together they created the world of Greece: a great flat circle surrounded by an immense circular ocean. Wishing to contemplate their work, they created the Island of Creation. Soon, Uranus joined Gaia and the others so they wouldn't be so alone, and Gaia gave birth to the Titans. The Titans ruled until the Fates gained more power over the island, forcing them to leave and explore the mortal world.

   Locations on the Island of Creation: -Stalls of Time: Long ago, the great Titan Kronos gifted the Sisters of Fate the Stalls of Time, hoping to alter their destiny. The Sisters of Fate used the Stalls of Time to move the Island of Creation away from the edge of the Earth when it expanded. -Temple of Lahkesis: The Temple of Lahkesis is a temple on the Island of Creation, dedicated to one of the Sisters of Fate. The Amulets of the Fates are found here. You can speak to Lahkesis herself through her statue (humorously, the other sisters keep making a mess of the Temple of Lahkesis, since among the three twin sisters, Lahkesis is the hottest xd). -Courtyard of Fate: The Courtyard of Fate is a large, ornate courtyard located beyond the Temple of Lahkesis. At one end of the courtyard is a barrier, created by beams emanating from the eyes of the statue of Lahkesis. Beyond the barrier is a path leading to the Swamp of the Forgotten, guarded by several Cyclopes. The Courtyard of Fate also leads to the Court of Atropos. -Swamp of the Forgotten: The Swamp of the Forgotten is a dense, deep swampy forest located on the Island of Creation. It is so named because the Gifts of Experience are found almost immediately after the entrance. -Courtyard of Atropos: The Courtyard of Atropos is a large, open courtyard with a gigantic stone image of Atropos. The courtyard contains multiple chambers and corridors that run through and around it, leading to the Hall of Atropos. Like the stone image of Lahkesis in the Courtyard of Fate, the image of Atropos has two beams emanating from its eyes, creating a barrier that blocks the path beyond the courtyard. Behind the barrier is the passage to the Lowlands. -Lowlands: The Lowlands are a series of cliffs and canyons in the interior of the Island of Creation. This place guards the Spear of Destiny, a magical weapon with purple crystals embedded in its ends, which could be used to pierce enemies and even create explosive crystals. It also had the ability to extend and retract for longer-range attacks. The Spear was immensely powerful, and both Gaia and the Fates recognized its potential and were wary of its power. Lahkesis and Atropos stated that the Spear had the power to kill them and make its wielder powerful enough to face Zeus and have a chance of winning. At the end of the Lowlands lies the Great Abyss. -Great Abyss: The Great Abyss was a gigantic canyon, full of broken passageways, on the Island of Creation, between the Lowlands and the Palace of Fates. -Palace of Fates: The Palace of Fates is a grand, ornate palace located on the Island of Creation, beyond the Great Abyss. Upon arriving here, you will find two statues at the palace's main gate. Their faces are not visible, but they represent Zeus and Cronus, commemorating their past visits to the Fates. The palace is surrounded by forests, fog, and the sea, making access difficult. -Spirit: Rising majestically above the Island of Creation is an enormous Spire that emerges from the ground and pierces the sky with its height. The Sisters of Fate dwell within. The spire has the appearance of a gigantic statue of a bird. -Temple of Fates: No one, not even the Titans, knows how to reach the Temple of the Sisters. But it is said that whoever finds it will wield great power. The Temple of the Fates is the sacred temple of the Sisters of Fate, located high atop the Island of Creation. It is located in a sea of ​​dark fog, at the edge of the world. The only way to reach the temple is to summon the Phoenix and ride it to the Spire, from where the temple can be accessed. It is said that time stops completely inside the temple. -Inner Sanctuary: The Inner Sanctuary is the "inner" part of the Temple of the Fates. Located beyond the Throne of Lahkesis, it contains three murals depicting past, present, and future events. The first alludes to the Great War between the Titans and the Olympians and the threat of its resurgence; the second shows the aftermath of the great war and the age of heroes; and the last alludes to the Trojan War and Odysseus's journey back to Ithaca, which marks the end of Greek mythology before the Classical period of Greece, where creation was complete. -Loom Chamber: Here, the sisters weave the threads of life for all beings, including Titans, Gods, and Mortals. The chamber consists of several levels and features various spiked pendulums hanging from different ledges.

5. #5Daedalus's Labyrinth

   Keys: Daedalus's Labyrinth

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   The Labyrinth is an underground maze, originally built in Crete by Daedalus to imprison the Minotaur. This ambitious project consumed Minos to the point that he forbade Daedalus from undertaking any other project until he finished the great structure that would serve as a prison for the Minotaur and other creatures that had slithered in.

   The labyrinth is confusing and deceptive, although it can be navigated with a map—it's so large that the hero Theseus needed Ariadne's thread to avoid getting lost.

   After Daedalus fell from grace, he was imprisoned, along with his son Icarus, in the same labyrinth. But Daedalus built himself and his son wax wings with which, having cleared the walls of the strange prison, they soared over the Mediterranean. Icarus, disobeying his father's advice, flew so close to the sun that the rays melted the wax of the wings, and he fell into the sea.

   Ariadne's thread: a ball of red wool yarn that she wound around as Theseus made his way through the Labyrinth, holding the other end. This allowed him to find his way out of the Minotaur's Labyrinth, leaving a trail of the thread behind him. After defeating the Minotaur, he was able to easily find his way back simply by following the thread. The thread is still there and can guide you from the entrance to the exit of the Labyrinth.

6. #6The Crossroads

   Keys: The Crossroads

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   The Crossroads:

   The Crossroads is a place between the Underworld and the Surface, located in a cave that connects to the Underworld, where Hecate is often found. It is a small, dilapidated place with a huge cauldron, magical runes on the rock walls (whose fate is unknown if they fall), and makeshift tents that Hecate uses for storage. It is situated along a river.

   The Crossroads can also be used as a passage point, as it connects to some Hyperion Gates and also provides access to the caves of Olympus.

7. #7Oracle of Delphi

   Keys: Oracle of Delphi

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   Oracle of Delphi:

   The Oracle of Delphi is a large sacred precinct dedicated primarily to the god Apollo. At its center stood his great temple, where Greeks came to consult the gods on troubling matters. Located in Greece, at the foot of Mount Parnassus, a site consecrated to the god himself and the Muses, in the mountains of Phocis, 700 meters above sea level and 9.5 kilometers from the Gulf of Corinth.

   Pythia: It is known that the selection of this figure was made without any distinction of social class. The candidate was only required to have an irreproachable life and conduct. The appointment was for life, and she pledged to live forever in the sanctuary.

   History: The oracle used to belong to Gaia and Poseidon, and Gaia gave her share to Themis. After Apollo killed the serpent Python, Themis decided to give her share to him. This angered Gaia even more because her son had been killed. Apollo decided to place the omphalos, the stone that Cronus swallowed thinking it was Zeus, in the very center of the sanctuary, at its deepest point. This appeased Gaia. Since Apollo didn't like to share his sanctuary, he decided to approach Poseidon and exchange his share of Delphi for one of his cities, Calauria. Thus, Apollo kept the entire sanctuary for himself.

8. #8Centaurs

   Keys: THE KENTAUROI, Centaurs

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   THE KENTAUROI (Centaurs) were a tribe of half-man, half-horse savages who inhabited the mountains and forests of Thessalian Magnesia. They were a primitive race who made their homes in caves, hunted wild animals for food and armed themselves with rocks and tree branches. The Kentauroi were spawned by the cloud-nymphe Nephele after she was violated by the impious Lapith king Ixion. were spawned by the cloud-nymph Nephele after she was violated by the impious Lapith king Ixion. She deposited her double-formed brood on Mount Pelion where they were nursed by the daughters of the immortal kentauros Kheiron (Chiron).

   The Kentauroi were invited to attend the wedding of their half-brother Peirithoos (Pirithous) but became drunk at the festivities and attempted to carry off the bride and other female guests. In the battle which ensued most of the Kentauroi were destroyed.

   Another tribe of Kentauroi (Centaurs) dwelt in the western Peloponnese where they came into conflict with the hero Herakles. Another tribe of bull-horned Kentauroi were native to the island of Kypros (Cyprus). Female Kentauroi, Kentaurides (Centaurides), were also known but only occur in late classical art and literature.

9. #9Cerberus

   Keys: KERBEROS, Cerberus

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   KERBEROS (Cerberus) was the gigantic, three-headed hound of Haides which guarded the gates of the underworld and prevented the escape of the shades of the dead.

   Kerberos was depicted as a three-headed dog with a serpent's tail, mane of snakes, and a lion's claws. According to some he had fifty heads although this count may have included the serpents of his mane.

   Herakles (Heracles) was sent to fetch Kerberos as one of his twelve labours, a task which he accomplished with the aid of the goddess Persephone.

   Kerberos' name perhaps means "Death-Daemon of the Dark" from the ancient Greek words kêr and erebos.

10. #10Cetea

    Keys: THE KETEA, Cetea

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    THE KETEA (Cetea) were the monsters of the sea, the two greatest of which were the Ketos (Cetus) slain by Perseus in Aithiopia (Ethiopia) and the Ketos slain by Herakles at Troy.

    Ketea were usually depicted as serpentine fish with long rows of sharp teeth. Nereides often appear riding side-saddle on the backs of these creatures.

    Ketos was also a generic word for any large sea-creature and included mundane whales and sharks

11. #11Chimera

    Keys: Chimera, THE KHIMAIRA

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    THE KHIMAIRA (Chimera) was a three-headed monster which ravaged the countryside of Lykia (Lycia) in Anatolia. It was a bizarre fire-breathing creature with the body and head of a lion, a goat's head rising from its back, the udders of a goat, and a serpent for a tail.

    The hero Bellerophon was commanded by King Iobates to slay the beast. He rode into battle on the back of the winged horse Pegasos and drove a lead-tipped lance into its flaming throat, choking the beast on molten metal.

12. #12THE GIGANTES

    Keys: THE GIGANTES, Gigas, Gigantos, Gigantes

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    THE GIGANTES were a tribe of a hundred giants born of the earth-goddess Gaia. According to some she was impregnated by the blood of the castrated sky-god Ouranos (Uranus).

    At the urging of Gaia the Gigantes waged war on the gods and were destroyed in the ensuing battle. The most famous of the combatants were Enkelados (Enceladus) who was buried by Athena beneath Mount Etna, Polybotes who was crushed by an island cast by Poseidon, and Porphyrion who was slain by Zeus and Herakles when he attempted to violate the goddess Hera.

    The Giants were depicted as either spear-wielding hoplite warriors in armour or primitives clothed in animal-skins and armed with rocks and flaming brands. In sculpture and mosaic art they were usually depicted with the tails of serpents in place of legs.

    The Gigantes might have represented the primitive tribes of Thrake (Thrace), north of Greece, whose barbarian culture unfavorably contrasted with Greek civilisation. According to some, the Thrakians were born from the blood or ashes of the vanquished giants.

13. #13THE GRYPS

    Keys: THE GRYPS, Griffin

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    THE GRYPS (Griffin) was a beast with the head and wings of an eagle and the body of a lion.

    A tribe of the creatures guarded rich deposits of gold in the mountains of Skythia (Scythia) in north-eastern Europe. Their one-eyed neighbours, the Arimaspians, battled them for these riches.

    Decorative griffins were popular in ancient Greek art and later in medieval bestiaries and heraldry.

14. #14Harpies

    Keys: Ἁρπθαι Ἁρπθιαι, Harpyia, Harpyiai, Harpyia, Harpyiae, Snatchers (harpazô), THE HARPYIAI, Harpies

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    THE HARPYIAI (Harpies) were the spirits (daimones) of sudden, sharp gusts of wind. They were known as the hounds of Zeus and were despatched by the god to snatch away (harpazô) people and things from the earth. Sudden, mysterious dissappearances were often attributed to the Harpyiai.

    The Harpyiai were once sent by Zeus to plague King Phineus of Thrake (Thrace) as punishment for revealing the secrets of the gods. Whenever a plate of food was set before him, the Harpyiai would swoop down and snatch it away, befouling any scraps left behind. When the Argonauts came to visit, the winged Boreades gave chase, and pursued the Harpies to the Strophades Islands, where the goddess Iris commanded them to turn back and leave the storm-spirits unharmed.

    The Harpyiai were depicted as winged women, sometimes with ugly faces, or with the lower bodies of birds.

15. #15HIPPOKAMPOI

    Keys: Ἱπποκαμπος, HIPPOKAMPOI, Hippocamps, Ἱπποκαμποι Hippokampos Hippokampoi Hippocampus Hippocampi Crooked Horse (kampos, hippos)

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    HIPPOKAMPOI (Hippocamps) were the fish-tailed horses of the sea. They were depicted as composite creatures with the head and fore-parts of a horse and the serpentine-tail of a fish. In mosaic art they were often had green scales and fish-fin manes and appendages.

    The ancients believed they were the adult-form of the small fish we call the "sea-horse". Hippokampoi were the mounts of Nereid nymphs and sea-gods, and Poseidon drove a chariot drawn by two or four of the creatures.

    Other fish-tailed land animals which appear in ancient art include the "Leokampos" (fish-tailed lion), "Taurokampos" (fish-tailed bull), "Pardalokampos" (fish-tailed leopard), and "Aigikampos" (fish-tailed goat). The last was the form of the constellation Capricorn. Fabulous creatures of this type were believed to be common in the Indian Ocean (see Ketea Indikoi).

16. #16HYDRA

    Keys: Hydra Lernaia, Hydra Lernaea, Lerna Water-Serpent, HYDRA

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    HYDRA LERNAIA (Lernaean Hydra) was a gigantic, nine-headed water-serpent, which haunted the swamps of Lerna. Herakles (Heracles) was sent to destroy her as one of his twelve labours, but for each of her heads that he decapitated, two more sprang forth. So with the help of Iolaos (Iolaus), he applied burning brands to the severed stumps, cauterizing the wounds and preventing the regeneration. In the battle he also crushed a giant crab beneath his heel which had come to assist the Hydra. The Hydra and the Crab were afterwards placed amongst the stars by Hera as the Constellations Hydra and Cancer.

17. #17Minotaur

    Keys: THE MINOTAUROS, Minotaur

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    THE MINOTAUROS (Minotaur) was a bull-headed monster born to Queen Pasiphae of Krete (Crete). The creature lived in the maze-like corridors of the labyrinth, receiving regular offerings meant to satisfy its relentless hunger. The beast was eventually slain by the hero Theseus.

    The Minotauros' proper name Asterion, "the starry one," suggests he might have been associated with the constellation Tauros.

18. #18Pegasus

    Keys: Pêgasos, Pegasus, Of the Spring (pêgê), PEGASOS

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    PEGASOS (Pegasus) was an immortal, winged horse which sprang from the neck of the beheaded Gorgon Medousa (Medusa). It was tamed by Bellerophon who rode it into battle against the fire-breathing monster known as the Khimaira (Chimera). Later the hero attempted to fly to heaven but Zeus caused the horse to buck throwing him back down to earth in disgrace. Pegasos winged his way on to Olympos where he became the thunderbolt-bearer of Zeus.

    Pegasos was commemorated amongst the stars as the constellation of the same name. Its rising marks the arrival of spring and, in Greece, of seasonal thunderstorms.

    Pegasos' name means either "of the spring" from the Greek word pêgê, or "sprung forth" from the word pêgazô. The first alludes to the steed's connection with various springs, and the latter to its birth from the Gorgon's neck.

19. #19THE SATYROI

    Keys: THE SATYROI, Satyrs

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    THE SATYROI (Satyrs) were rustic fertility spirits of the countryside and wilds. They consorted with the Nymphai (Nymphs) and were companions of the gods Dionysos, Hermes, Hephaistos, Pan, Rhea-Kybele and Gaia.

    Satyroi were depicted as animalistic men with asinine ears, pug noses, reclining hair-lines, and the tails of horses. As companions of Dionysos they were usually shown drinking, dancing, playing flutes and sporting with the Mainades (Maenads).

    Some of the more specific types of Satyroi were the Panes (goat-legged satyrs), Seilenoi (Silens) (elderly satyrs), Satyriskoi (Satyrisci) (child satyrs), and Tityroi (flute-playing satyrs).

    Actors dressed as Satyroi formed the choruses of the so-called Satyr-plays which were performed at the festivals of the god Dionysos.

20. #20Primordial goddess of eternal night

    Keys: Achlys

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    Achlys is the goddess of the eternal night and the first creature that some say existed even before Chaos himself. According to Hesiod, she is the demon of death.

21. #21Primordial god of light

    Keys: Aether

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    Aether is the god of light and the spark of life for every creature. Etymologically, Aether means the highest and purest layer of air.

22. #22Primordial god of eternity

    Keys: Aion

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    Aion is the god of eternity, a ghostly primordial deity who personified the meaning of time (sometimes confused with god Chronos). In Greek, Aion means 'century'. Although incorporeal, he was also portrayed as a monster with a snake body and three heads: one human (male), one bull and one lion. According to myth, Aion and his companion Ananke wrapped themselves around the cosmic egg and broke it to form the sorted Universe.

23. #23Primordial goddess of inevitability

    Keys: Ananke

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    Ananke is the goddess of inevitability, compulsion, and necessity. She was an inevitable divine force who, with Aion, wrapped around the cosmic egg to form the Universe.

24. #24Primordial god of the void

    Keys: Chaos

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    Chaos is the god of the void and the beginning of all life. According to most versions of Greek myths, Chaos pre-existed all.

25. #25Primordial god of time

    Keys: Chronos

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    Chronos is the god of time. Not to be confused with Aion (god of eternity) or Cronus (the Titan).

26. #26Primordial god of darkness

    Keys: Erebus

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    Erebus is the god of darkness and shadow. He symbolizes the silence and the depth of the night together with his sister, the goddess Nyx. He is usually represented as a winged, dark and huge being, a duo with Nyx.

27. #27Primordial god of love

    Keys: Eros

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    Eros is the primordial god of love and procreation. Not to be confused with Eros, the winged god of desire that appears later in mythology. He symbolizes the driving force that unites everything, giving birth to the rest.

28. #28Primordial goddess of earth

    Keys: Gaia

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    Gaia is the goddess of the earth (Mother Earth). She is the mother of all - the primeval mother. At a cosmogenic level, she symbolizes the material side of the Universe whereas Chaos symbolizes the space of the Universe.

29. #29Primordial goddess of day

    Keys: Hemera

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    Hemera is the goddess of day.

30. #30Primordial god of sleep

    Keys: Hypnos

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    Hypnos is the god of sleep and father of Morpheus.

31. #31Primordial goddess of retribution

    Keys: Nemesis

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    Nemesis is the goddess of retribution.

32. #32Primordial goddesses of islands

    Keys: Nesoi

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    Nesoi are the goddesses of islands.

33. #33Primordial goddess of night

    Keys: Nyx

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    Nyx is the goddess of night. She was a sovereign, primordial and cosmogenic entity, respected and feared by most gods. She is the sister of Erebus, the god of darkness and shadow.

34. #34Primordial gods of mountains

    Keys: Ourea

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    Ourea are the gods of mountains.

35. #35Primordial god of the sea

    Keys: Pontus

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    Pontus is the god of the sea and father of the sea creatures.

36. #36Primordial god of the Underworld

    Keys: Tartarus

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    Tartarus is the god of the darkest and deepest part of the Underworld - the original god of the Underworld. The Underworld was the place where the wicked are imprisoned and tortured eternally after their death.

37. #37Primordial goddess of the sea

    Keys: Thalassa

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    Thalassa is the goddess of the sea and consort of god Pontus.

38. #38Primordial god of death

    Keys: Thanatos

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    Thanatos is the god of death. He is the twin brother of Hypnos (god of sleep) and lives in the dark Tartarus.

39. #39Primordial god of the heavens

    Keys: Uranus

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    Uranus is the god of the heavens. He soon became ruler of the world and father of the Titans.

40. #40Titan god of the harvest

    Keys: Cronus

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    Cronus is the Titan god of the harvest. Although the youngest of the first twelve Titans, he became the ruler of the world after overthrowing his father, Uranus. He then married his older sister, Rhea.

41. #41Titan goddess of fertility

    Keys: Rhea

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    Rhea is the Titan goddess of fertility and generation. She determines the flow of things and her name literally means 'the one that flows' in Greek.

42. #42Titan god of the oceans

    Keys: Oceanus

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    Oceanus is the Titan god of the oceans. He was the eldest son of Uranus and Gaia. His dominion extended in every corner of the Earth and all parts of the horizon. Oceanus was the personification of water and he paired with his sister, the Titaness Tethys.

43. #43Titan goddess of fresh water

    Keys: Tethys

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    Tethys is the Titan goddess of the rivers and fresh water. She was the wife of Oceanus and the mother of more than 3000 River gods (rivers personified by the Ancient Greeks), the Oceanids (nymphs of springs, streams and fountains) and the Nephelai (nymphs of clouds).

44. #44Titan god of light

    Keys: Hyperion

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    Hyperion is the Titan god of light. His dazzling light shone in all directions. His name means 'the one who goes above the earth' in Greek. He symbolized eternal splendor. He fell in love with his sister, the Titan goddess Theia.

45. #45Titan goddess of the aether

    Keys: Theia

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    Theia is the Titan goddess of the aether. Theia bore the Titan Hyperion three shining children: Helios (the Sun), Eos (the Dawn), and Selene (the Moon).

46. #46Titan god of mortal life

    Keys: Iapetus

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    Iapetus is the Titan god of mortal life. He was symbolizing mortality and the mortal life-span. He fathered the Titans Atlas (who was responsible for bearing the weight of the heavens on his shoulders), Prometheus (who gifted fire to men) and Epimetheus (who married Pandora, the first mortal woman). Iapetus was also considered the personification of one of the four pillars that hold the heavens and the earth apart.

47. #47Titan god of constellations

    Keys: Crius

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    Crius is the Titan god of constellations. His name in Greek means 'ram' and it shows his connection with the constellation Aries.

48. #48Titan god of intellect

    Keys: Coeus

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    Coeus is the Titan god of intellect. He was also considered the embodiment of the celestial axis around which the heavens revolve. He married his sister, Phoebe.

49. #49Titan goddess of prophecy

    Keys: Phoebe

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    Phoebe is the Titan goddess of prophecy and oracular intellect. Phoebe bore the Titan Coeus two children, Leto and Asteria. The Titaness Leto later copulated with the Olympian god Zeus and bore the Olympians Artemis and Apollo. Given that Phoebe symbolized prophetic wisdom just as Coeus represented rational intelligence, the couple may have possibly functioned together as the primal font of all knowledge in the cosmos.

50. #50Titan goddess of divine law

    Keys: Themis

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    Themis is the Titan goddess of divine law and order. She also had the ability to predict the future and thus, she later became one of the Oracles in Delphi.

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