Narrator

1. #1Dragonlords

   Keys: Dragonlord, Dragonlords

   Dragonlords are the dragon-riding most powerful nobles of the Valyrian Freehold. Leadership of the Valyrian Freehold was contested by twoscore noble families who normally gathered in Valyria. Strong in sorcery, the dragonlords use binding spells and horns to control their dragons, and they used dragonflame to reshape stone into decorative shapes. Dragonlords considered themselves more powerful than gods. The dragonlords are inhumanly beautiful. Heraldic banners were not used by dragonlords.

2. #2Valyrian peninsula

   Keys: Valyrian peninsula, Valyrian heartland

   The Valyrian peninsula is a large peninsula extending south from Essos into the Summer Sea. It is the heartland of the Valyrian Freehold and the location of the city of Valyria, capital of the Valyrian Freehold. The Fourteen Flames extend across the neck of the peninsula.

3. #3Valyria

   Keys: Valyria, City of Valyria, capital of the Valyrian Freehold, capital of the Valyria, Dragonspire

   The City of Valyria is a sprawling metropolis of grandeur, it is a cityscape that seems to defy imagination. Towering spires, forged from dragon-forged stone and enchanted metals, reach towards the skies, adorned with intricate carvings depicting the majesty of dragons in flight. Canals of molten silver and gold weave through the city. Marketplaces bustle with activity, filled with merchants peddling exotic wares that the Valyrians alone can master. The air is thick with the scent of arcane incense. In the heart of Valyria lies the Dragonspire, a colossal citadel that serves as both a seat of governance and a center of magical learning. The Dragonspire's towers pierce the sky, and within its hallowed halls, scholars and sorcerers delve into the mysteries of magic, while dragons roost on terraces overlooking the city. In the Towering spires and citadels dwell the great and most powerful Valyrian noble families. Valyria is on the Valyrian peninsula. Valyria is connected by dragon roads with other cities of the Freehold. Valyria is composed of four main districts: The Civic Centre, the oldest district, served as the city's seat of power. The Industrial Area, situated at the foot of the mountain. It was home to slave quarters, aqueducts, and bathhouses. The Port served as the residential quarter, home to the Valyrian navy as well as teeming street markets. The Forum, the center of social and public life in Valyria. Designed to impress visitors, its buildings were much grander than the rest of the city. At its end, parallel to the palace in the Civic Centre, sat the Bōjurlion, a massive arena.

4. #4Fourteen Flames

   Keys: Fourteen Flames

   The Fourteen Flames is an immense chain of volcanoes extending across the Valyrian peninsula. There are deep mines beneath the Fourteen Flames. Valyria sent slaves to the mines beneath the Fourteen Flames, searching for gold, silver, and other ores. The worst slaves were sent down to die in the red darkness of the mines. The mines of Valyria are always hot and they grew hotter as shafts were driven deeper into the earth. The slaves toiled in an oven, the rocks around them too hot to touch. The air stank of brimstone and seared the slaves' lungs as they breathed. Certain shafts were cut so low that slaves had to crawl or bend. Slaves perished by the score, but the Valyrians did not care.

5. #5Tyria

   Keys: Tyria

   Tyria is a city in Essos. It lies across the Smoking Sea from Oros and is connected by Valyrian road to the city of Valyria, which lies to the south of the island. Tyria was founded by the Valyrian Freehold. Although rich and glorious, it did not have self-rule and was instead governed by men and women sent from Valyria to rule in the name of the Freehold.

6. #6Oros

   Keys: Oros

   Oros is a city that sits on the northern coast of the Smoking Sea in Essos, said to be second only in majesty to the city of Valyria. It lies to the south of the Lands of the Long Summer and is connected by Valyrian road to Mantarys, while across the Smoking Sea lies Tyria. Oros was founded by the Valyrian Freehold. Although rich and glorious, it did not have self-rule and was instead governed by men and women sent from Valyria to rule in the name of the Freehold.

7. #7Ancient Valyria

   Keys: Ancient Valyria, Ancient Valyrian, Ancient Valyrians

   Ancient Valyria was a civilization of humble shepherds who discovered dragons in the Fourteen Flames. The Valyrians tamed the dragons with magic and mastered the technique of raising and training the dragons into devastating weapons of war. They began expanding their influence, establishing the Freehold with the city of Valyria as its capital. Magic flowered, topless towers rose toward the heavens where dragons soared, stone Valyrian sphinxes gazed down through eyes of garnet, and smiths used spells to forge Valyrian steel weapons of legendary strength and sharpness.

8. #8Old Empire of Ghis

   Keys: Old Empire of Ghis, Empire of Ghis, Ghiscar, Ghis, Old Ghis, Ghiscari wars, Ghiscari war

   The Old Empire of Ghis was one of the oldest known nations and cultures in the world before it was destroyed by the Valyrian Freehold. It reigned supreme over much of Essos. Its founding and golden age predate that of its successor, the Valyrian Freehold, by thousands of years. Five great Ghiscari wars were fought between Ghiscar and the Valyrian Freehold. The Ghiscari won some battles, but the Ghiscari eventually lost each war. The Old Empire fell in the Fifth Ghiscari War the Valyrians smashed the Ghiscari legions and used their dragons to burn Old Ghis and its pyramids to the ground. The Valyrians sowed the fields with salt and sulfur to prevent any surviving inhabitants from returning.

9. #9Valyrian roads

   Keys: Valyrian roads, Valyrian road, Dragon Road, Dragon Roads, demon road

   Valyrian roads, also called dragon roads, are broad stone highways built when the Valyrian Freehold dominated Essos. They are straight and usually run from one economic center to another, allowing swift transport of goods. Valyrian roads ran across much of the Valyrian peninsula, connecting the cities of Valyria, Tyria, and Oros with outlying settlements. The demon road runs from Meereen westward past Mantarys to Volantis on the Rhoyne; a branch of the demon road also runs south to Tolos near the Black Cliffs. A road continues north from Volantis to the ruins of Sar Mell. In northern Essos, a Valyrian road runs east from Pentos on the narrow sea to the ruins of Ghoyan Drohe in the Velvet Hills. From Ghoyan Drohe it runs northeast to Norvos and then southeast to Qohor. From the latter city a road connects to the ruins of Ar Noy to the southwest. A road continues east from Qohor to Essaria and Sarnath. Another road runs north from Essariato Saath on the Shivering Sea.

10. #10Valyrian steel

    Keys: Valyrian steel, Valyrian weapon, Valyrian weapons, Valyrian blade, Valyrian blades

    Valyrian steel is a type of steel from Valyria, used to make weapons and various other items of unparalleled quality. Magic plays a role in its forging, which makes the steel special and gives it magical characteristics. The properties of Valyrian steel are the result of both folding iron many times to balance and remove impurities, and the use of spells, giving unnatural strength to the resulting steel. Valyrian steel blades are lighter, stronger, harder, and sharper than the best castle-forged steel. The blades feature distinctive rippled patterns, the mark of steel that has been folded back on itself many thousands of times. Most Valyrian steel is dark grey in color, almost appearing black. No common fire, not even dragonflame, can damage Valyrian steel.

11. #11Essaria

    Keys: Essaria

    Essaria was a colony of the Valyrian Freehold.

12. #12Sarnath

    Keys: Sarnath, Sarnath of the Tall Towers, Sarne

    The greatest of the Tall Men cities, Sarnath was the seat of the High King of Sarnor, who dwelled in the fabled Palace With a Thousand Rooms.

13. #13Tall Men

    Keys: Tall Men, Tagaez Fen, Sarnori, Tall Mens

    The Tall Men, known as Tagaez Fen in their native language, are a people native to the grasslands of Essos. In Westeros they are known as the Sarnori, for at the height of their power the Kingdom of Sarnor ruled all the lands watered by the Sarne and the lakes that were once the Silver Sea, and fifty leagues beyond. Tall Men were long of limb, brown of skin, like the Zoqora, and with eyes and hair as black as night. Sarnori riders wore steel and spider silk, and rode coal-black mares, whilst the greatest of their warriors went to battle in scythed chariots pulled by teams of bloodred horses. These were often driven by their wives or daughters, for it was the custom among the Tall Men for men and women to make war together.

14. #14Glass candle

    Keys: Glass candle, Glass candles, obsidian candles, obsidian candle

    A glass candle is a candle made of obsidian, obsidian is called frozen fire by the Valyrians. These glass candles give off an unpleasantly bright light that does strange things to colors, white becomes as bright as fresh fallen snow, yellow shines like gold, reds turns to flame, and shadows become so black that they look like holes in the world. When the glass candles burned, the sorcerers of the Valyrian Freehold could see across mountains, seas, and deserts; give men visions and dreams; and communicate with one another half a world apart.

15. #15Rhoynar

    Keys: Rhoynar

    The Rhoynar were a culture of river-faring people who dwelt on the banks of the immense river Rhoyne in Essos. After being forced to flee in ten thousand ships during the Rhoynish Wars with Valyria, the surviving Rhoynar eventually settled in Dorne in southern Westeros. The Rhoynar are a slender people with smooth olive skin, black hair, and dark eyes. The Rhoynar practiced a number of customs that differ from mainstream Andal culture. These included equal primogeniture, granting inheritances to the eldest child regardless of sex. They also tolerated homosexuality. Due to their origin in city-states, the Rhoynar titled their rulers Princes and Princesses. Their influence made these customs standard in Dorne as well. The Rhoynar worshipped a number of river-themed nature gods. Their primary god was Mother Rhoyne, or Mother River, the personification of the river Rhoyne itself. Other gods include the Old Man of the River, a turtle god, and his adversary, the Crab King. Art and music flourished in the ancient cities of the Rhoynar. They were by and large a peaceful people, but were fiercely independent, and could be formidable when roused to wroth.

16. #16Rhoynish Wars

    Keys: Rhoynish Wars

    The Rhoynish Wars were a series of wars fought between the city-states of the Rhoynar and colonies of the Valyrian Freehold. The last of the wars was the Second Spice War. In total, the series of conflicts spanned most of two and a half centuries.

17. #17Second Spice War

    Keys: Second Spice War

    The Second Spice War was the last of the Rhoynish Wars between the Rhoynar and Valyria. The war began three dragonlords from the Valyrian Freehold joined Volantis in destroying the Rhoynish port Sarhoy on the Summer Sea. The Rhoynar responded by uniting under Prince Garin of Chroyane, the wonder of the Rhoyne who temporarily made Valyria tremble. Garin led a Rhoynish army of 250,000, which conquered Selhorys, Valysar, and Volon Therys, where they defeated three dragons with Rhoynish water wizards. The alarmed Volantenes sought help from Valyria itself, and the dragonlords responded by sending 300 dragons. The Valyrians crushed Garin's army with their dragons, then destroyed Sar Mell and Chroyane. Princess Nymeria of Ny Sar, seeing the fate of Garin and his army, gathered the surviving Rhoynar, most of whom were women and children and old men, aboard their remaining watercraft and fled from Essos aboard ten thousand ships. The city of Ghoyan Drohe on the Little Rhoyne was turned into a ruin by the Valyrian dragons. Other cities destroyed by the Valyrians were Ar Noy and Nymeria's Ny Sar.

18. #18Andalos

    Keys: Andalos, Hills of Andalos

    Andalos, also called the Hills of Andalos, is an area of northwestern Essos which was the homeland of the Andals. Due to migration and invasion, however, little is left of the original Andal culture.

19. #19Andals

    Keys: Andals, Andal

    The Andals are one of the three major ethnic groups from which the humans of Westeros descend, the others being the First Men and the Rhoynar. The Andal invasion caused the fall of many of the kingdoms of the First Men which had developed in the wake of the Pact with the children of the forest. The Andals are a tall and fair-haired people. The Andals fled because of the expanding Valyrian Freehold. The Valyrians established Myr in place of a walled Andal town and many of the Valyrian colonists of Pentos intermarried with local Andals. The Andals brought the Faith of the Seven to Westeros and with it the warrior tradition of the knight. The Andals used iron, while the First Men used bronze. The Andals also brought a superior writing system that supplanted the First Men's runes.

20. #20Valysar

    Keys: Valysar

    Valysar is a walled colony of the Valyrian Freehold in Essos. It sits on the western bank of the Rhoyne, to the north of Volon Therys and to the south of Selhorys. Although it is a very large city, Valysar is considered a town.

21. #21Selhorys

    Keys: Selhorys

    Selhorys is a walled Volantene town and colony of the Valyrian Freehold, located at the confluence of the Selhoru and the lower Rhoyne in western Essos. It lies north of Valysar, northwest of Volantis, and south of Chroyane. Although it is very large city, Selhorys is still considered a town, not an independent city. Alone among the major towns, Selhorys stands upon the eastern bank of the Rhoyne. Selhorys has towers, domes, and cobbled paths. The city's sandstone walls shelter shops, stalls, and storehouses along the piers. The river gate is guarded by soldiers. Lanterns within the city are made of colored glass, unlike the parchment lanterns outside of the city walls. Pleasure houses and inns front the square, including a large stone inn with an immense turtle hanging above its door.

22. #22Children of the forest

    Keys: Children of the forest, Child of the forest, Dryad, Dryads, True Tongue, greenseers, greenseer

    The children of the forest, or Dryads, are a mysterious non-human race that inhabit the continent of Westeros during the Dawn Age long before the arrival of the First Men thousands of years ago. The giants call them woh dak nag gram (little squirrel people). They call themselves those who sing the song of earth in the True Tongue. The children are smaller than humans, but not childlike. They have nut-brown skin, dappled like a deer's with paler spots. Their hands have only three fingers and a thumb, with sharp black claws instead of nails. They have large ears that can hear things that no man can hear. They usually have large gold and green eyes slitted like those of a cat, allowing them to see in dark passages. The children are slight, quick, and graceful. They weave leaves and vines and flowers into their hair, and wear cloaks of leaves. They live for centuries. They often sing in their language, the True Tongue. Very rarely, one of the children is born with mossy green or blood red eyes, a sign that they have been chosen by the Old Gods. The chosen ones are not robust, and do not live long on the earth, but they have the gift of greensight and are known as greenseers. Once they are bound to a weirwood, they live far longer than other children. The children are omnivores as they feed on different types of food they find and cultivate. The children live in clans. They do not use metal, weave cloth, or build cities. The children lived off the land, using stone and obsidian implements, wearing bark leg-bindings and shirts of woven leaves, dwelling in caves, crannogs, and hidden tree villages. Males and females both hunted side by side as wood dancers, using obsidian weapons, weirwood bows, and flying snares made with grasses. The children had no books, no ink, no parchment and no written language. They are a people with a deep connection to the land. The Dryads also use powerful magic. The children of the forest are gifted with supernatural powers. These included having power over the beasts of the wood, the ability to wear an animal's skin, the skill to create music so beautiful as to bring tears to the eyes of any who heard it, the greensight ability and the ability to speak to the dead. It was the children who carved faces on weirwoods to keep watch over the woods. The children of the forest believed that the weirwood trees were gods, and when they died they became a part of them.

23. #23Weirwood

    Keys: Weirwood, Weirwoods

    The five-pointed leaves and the sap of weirwoods are blood-red, while the smooth bark on their wide trunks and wood are bone white. Most weirwoods have faces carved into their trunks. This was done by the children of the forest. In some cases sap has collected in the crevices of the carved faces, giving the trees red eyes which have been known to drip sap as if the trees were weeping. A weirwood will live forever if undisturbed.

24. #24Giants

    Keys: Giants, Giant

    Giants are a race of sentient humanoids that once lived in various regions of the known world, but now live only in northern parts of Westeros. The people of Westeros believe them to be extinct. Giants generally grow between ten to fourteen feet tall. They are capable of great feats of strength. They are covered by a shaggy pelt of fur, that is thicker below their waists than above. The fur of older giants becomes grey and streaked with white. Their heads are thrust forward from their shoulder blades. They have squashed-in faces with square teeth, and tiny eyes. Their eyesight is poor, and they snuffle constantly, smelling as much as they see. Giants have sloped chests, and their lower torsos are about half again as wide as their upper torsos. Their arms hang lower than a man's, while their legs are shorter than their arms, ending in splayed and horny feet that need no shoes even in the coldest weather. Female giants look similar to males, both being bearded. While hostile to men, giants are a shy folk who use little technology. They wield huge clubs that are often no more than logs, though some tie boulders to the end to make crude mauls or use huge stone axes. Giants ride mammoths as steeds and are protective of the animals. Giants speak the Old Tongue of the First Men, referring to children of the forest as woh dak nag gran, or "little squirrel people". Giants do not have kings. giants are vegetarians. Giants roam freely, and reside beneath tall trees or in caverns.

25. #25Bone Mountains

    Keys: Bone Mountains

    The Bone Mountains are a colossal mountain range in central Essos. The tallest mountains in the known world, they are a natural land barrier between the western part of Essos known to Westerosi and the exotic, mysterious Further East of the continent. The Bone Mountains stretch longitudinally across five hundred leagues, beginning east of Qarth in the south by the Summer Sea. The southernmost Bones are called the Dry Bones because of their lack of water. The Bones north of the Steel Road extends north through the Realm of the Jhogwin to the Shivering Sea. The Bones cross one hundred leagues from east to west. While there are hundreds of visible and hidden paths through the Bones, there are only three routes large enough for armies. The Steel Road, the most northerly route, cuts between the Krazaaj Zasqa to Kayakayanaya, then skirts around the top of the Great Sand Sea and south to Trader Town. The Stone Road is the middle route from Yinishar to Samyriana. The Sand Road, the southerly route, begins at Qarth, heads north through the red waste, and cuts through the Dry Bones to Bayasabhad and Tiqui.

26. #26Yinishar

    Keys: Yinishar

    Yinishar is a city in Essos, located on the Stone Road in the foothills of the western Bone Mountains. Yinishar is inhabited by people related to those of Samyriana. Yinishar is located along the Silk Road.

27. #27Volantis

    Keys: Volantis

    Volantis, often called the First Daughter, is a city in southwestern Essos. Located at the mouth of the Rhoyne on the Summer Sea, it is the oldest and the proudest of the Valyrian colonies. Volantis is one of the greatest, richest, and most powerful of these city-states. Established to protect the borders of the Freehold, Volantis grew powerful trading with Valyria and the Rhoynar, although the nearby Rhoynish city Sarhoy declined. This led to the Rhoynish Wars. Volantis is a port city. Its large, deep harbor is ideally placed. Volantis spreads across the mouth of the Rhoyne and across the hills and marshes on both sides of the river. The older districts of the city lie upon the eastern banks, while the newer districts are located on the west. These two halves are connected by the Long Bridge. The Black Walls of eastern Volantis protect a large labyrinth of palaces, courtyards, towers, temples, cloisters, bridges, and cellars, and where the Valyrian Nobles reside in their palaces. The Black Walls are a great oval of fused black dragonstone, harder than steel or diamond, built two hundred feet high by the Valyrian Freehold. The Long Bridge joins the two halves of Volantis across the mouth of the Rhoyne. Its gateway is an arch of black stone carved with sphinxes, manticores, dragons, and other beasts. No outlander, freeman, or foreigner is allowed inside the Black Wall unless they are invited by the Valyrian Nobles.

28. #28Tyrosh

    Keys: Tyrosh

    Tyrosh is a harbor city and one of the Free Cities. It is on an island to the north of the Stepstones. Tyrosh began as a military outpost of the Valyrian Freehold on a bleak stony isle to control shipping through the Stepstones. They soon discovered in the nearby waters a unique variety of sea snail whose secretions were used to create a dye popular with Valyrian nobles. Thousands of merchants developed Tyrosh into a major city within a generation. Tyroshi dyers learned to produce different colors of dyes by varying the diet of the snails. Tyrosh, a fortress city protected by high walls, is on the northernmost and easternmost of the Stepstones. Its inner walls are fused black dragonstone. At the mouth of its harbor lies the Bleeding Tower. Like Lys, Tyrosh has pleasure houses.

29. #29fused black dragonstone

    Keys: Fused black dragonstone, Dragonstone

    Dragonstone is a building material used by the Valyrians in much of their construction. It is harder than iron, steel, granite or diamond. Valyrians used magic and dragonflame to work the stone, turning it into liquid before shaping and fusing it.

30. #30Lys

    Keys: Lys, Lys the Lovely, Lyseni, Lysene

    Lys, known as Lys the Lovely, is one of the Valyrian Colonies of Essos. It is a small city clinging to rocks surrounded by stormy seas. The city lies off to the southeast of Tyrosh and to the west of Volantis. The term "Lyseni" is both singular and plural, and "Lysene" as an adjective. Lys was founded as a colony of the Valyrian Freehold. Founded by wealthy Valyrian merchants and nobles. Due to its climate, Lys soon became a resort destination of sorts for the dragonlords of Valyria, and is considered a paradise. The sunny island is fertile with palm and fruit trees, and the surrounding blue-green waters are filled with fish. Lys is protected by high walls and soldiers.. The city is known for its pillow houses and pleasure gardens, training slaves in the arts of love and selling them as concubines and bed-slaves.

31. #31Myr

    Keys: Myr, Myrmen

    Myr is one of the Valyrian Colonies of Essos. It is on the east shore of the Sea of Myrth. Myr was founded by merchant adventurers from the Valyrian Freehold after they conquered a walled Andal town. Walled Myr is on the fertile "heel" of Essos, where an Valyrian dragonroad on the mainland meets the Sea of Myrth. Some Myrmen are descended from the Rhoynar, as some of the Myrmen share their olive skin and dark hair. Myrmen speak a dialect of bastard Valyrian with a Myrish accent can sound sultry.

32. #32Archon

    Keys: Archon, Archons

    Archons were provisionally elected by and from the lords freeholder of Valyria. Often dragonriders, archons from Valyria oversaw colonial cities and towns of the Valyrian Freehold, with the exceptions of the self-ruling Valyrian colony cities.

33. #33Great Empire of the Dawn

    Keys: Great Empire of the Dawn

    The Great Empire of the Dawn was a mythic realm established on all the land between the Bones and the Grey Waste, from the Shivering Sea to the Jade Sea and including the isle of Leng, and the predecessor to the Golden Empire of Yi Ti. According to legend, the Golden Empire's first ruler was the God-on-Earth, the only son of the Lion of Night and the Maiden-Made-of-Light, who traveled in a palanquin carved from a single pearl and carried by a hundred queens, his wives. He ruled for ten thousand years until he ascended to the stars to join his forebears. Dominion then passed to his eldest son, the Pearl Emperor, who ruled for a thousand years. Power then passed to the Jade Emperor, the Tourmaline Emperor, the Onyx Emperor, the Topaz Emperor, and the Opal Emperor. Each reigning for a shorter and more troubled time than the previous emperor, for wild men and beasts pressed the borders of the Empire, lesser kings grew proud and rebellious, and the common people gave themselves to sin. When the daughter of the Opal Emperor ascended to power as the Amethyst Empress, her envious brother cast her down and proclaimed himself the Bloodstone Emperor and began a reign of terror and slavery, in which he practiced dark arts and necromancy, took a tiger-woman for his bride, feasted on human flesh and cast down the gods of Yi Ti to worship a black stone fallen from the sky. This Blood Betrayal ushered in the Long Night, with the Maiden-Made-of-Light turning her back on the world, while the Lion of Night came forth to punish the wickedness of man. The darkness ended when a great warrior rose to lead the virtuous into battle with the sword Lightbringer in his hand. Light was restored, but the Great Empire was not reborn for the restored world was a broken place where every tribe of men went its own way, fearful of all the others, and war, lust, and murder had endured.

34. #34Long Night

    Keys: The Long Night

    The Long Night is a period when a terrible darkness fell across the known world. It occurred during the Age of Heroes, in the midst of a great winter that lasted for years. The Long Night lasted a generation and laid waste through famine and terror.

35. #35Golden Empire of Yi Ti

    Keys: Golden Empire of Yi Ti, Yi Ti

    The Golden Empire of Yi Ti is a realm located in the eponymous region of the Further East of Essos. It is the supposed successor to the mythic Great Empire of the Dawn, which, according to legend, fell during the Long Night. It is ruled by a God-Emperor, who is worshiped as divine, though in the present day the God-Emperor has little actual power beyond the limits of the capital city. Throughout the centuries, the capital Golden Empire has constantly moved as dynasties rose and fell. From Yin, on the shores of the Jade Sea, To the fallen city of Si Qo in the heart of the jungle, or at Jinqi. The current capital is Yin, where the seventeenth azure emperor Bu Gai keeps his court.

36. #36God-on-Earth

    Keys: God-on-Earth

    The God-on-Earth was the legendary first ruler of the mythic Great Empire of the Dawn. According to the tales told by the priestly scribes of Yin, he was the only begotten son of the Maiden-Made-of-Light and the Lion of Night, and traveled about his domains in a palanquin carved from a single pearl and carried by a hundred queens, his wives. He ruled for ten thousand years, in which the empire flourished, until at last he ascended to the stars to join his forebears. He was succeeded by his eldest son, the Pearl Emperor.

37. #37Maiden-Made-of-Light

    Keys: Maiden-Made-of-Light

    The Maiden-Made-of-Light is a goddess in Yi Ti. According to tales told by the priestly scribes of Yin, the Maiden-Made-of-Light was impregnated by the Lion of Night. This son was the God-on-Earth, who ruled the Great Empire of the Dawn for ten thousand year before ascending to the heavens. The descendants of the God-Earth ruled the empire after him, each ruling a shorter time than the previous one, until the brother of the Amethyst Empress usurped her in the Blood Betrayal and crowned himself as the Bloodstone Emperor, ushering in the Long Night. The Maiden-Made-of-Light turned her back upon the world and the Lion of Night came forth in all his wroth to punish the wickedness of man.

38. #38Magic

    Keys: Magic, Arcane, higher mysteries, Divination, Alchemy, Glamoring

    Magic is a supernatural force in the known world. It is rare enough for many to doubt its effectiveness or even existence in Westeros and especially in the Oldtown, where it is known as the higher mysteries. Valyrians are the most learned in the arts of Magic. All manner of wizards, sorcerers, necromancers, spellsingers, aeromancers, bloodmages, and more are said to gather and practice their arts in the lands by the Jade Sea and Asshai.

39. #39Dragonglass

    Keys: Dragonglass, obsidian, frozen fire

    Dragonglass is the name used by smallfolk for a volcanic glass which maesters of the Citadel call obsidian. The Valyrians called it frozen fire. Obsidian is volcanic glass formed by immense heat and pressure in the earth. Obsidian was used by the children of the forest to fabricate weapons; obsidian blades are sharper than steel but far more brittle. The Valyrians use obsidian to make their glass candles. Dragonglass weapons are one of the few weaknesses of the Others.

40. #40Norvos

    Keys: Norvos

    Norvos is one of the Valyrian Colonies of Essos. It lies in the interior of Essos, between Pentos and Qohor. Norvos, like Qohor and Lorath, was founded following a religious schism in the Valyrian Freehold. Dissidents found the religious tolerance of the Freehold intolerable, so the sect of the bearded priests founded Norvos as a theocracy where the "true faith" would be practiced. Norvos is located in a land of rolling hills and terraced farms, surrounded by small walled villages. Norvos is made up out of two parts, joined only by a massive stone stair, known as the Sinner's Steps. The high city, where the ancient nobility of Norvos lives, is ringed about by mighty stone walls, and located on the tallest hill in the region. Here, the great fortress-temple of the bearded priests is located. The lower city is located three hundred feet below, at the base of the hill, by the river, spread out along the muddy shores. It is defended by moats, ditches, and a timber palisade, overgrown with moss. The riverfront is lined with wharves, brothels, and beer halls. While the upper city is grim, the lower city is lively. Norvos is a theocracy. While it has a council of magisters, its members are chosen by the bearded priests, who speak for their god and wield the true power in the Free City.

41. #41Pentos

    Keys: Pentos.Pentoshi

    Pentos is one of the Valyrian Colonies of western Essos. It is a port located on the eastern coast of the Bay of Pentos. Pentos was founded by merchants, traders, seafarers, and farmers from the Valyrian Freehold as a trading outpost. Many were smallfolk who bred with local Andals, so the Pentoshi are less protective of Valyrian blood than other Free Cities. Pentos grew to control almost all of Andalos, with domains stretching from the Velvet Hills and the Little Rhoyne to the narrow sea. Even though Pentos has massive, high walls, it is often regarded as the most vulnerable of the Free Cities. The city has many square brick towers. Most of the roofing is done in tiles. Pentos has walled estates. The Sunrise Gate allows the traveller to exit the city to the east, in the direction of the Rhoyne. Pentoshi are great lovers of song, and generous with those who please them.

42. #42Qohor

    Keys: Qohor

    Qohor is one of the easternmost Valyrian Colonies of western Essos. The initial settlement of Qohor was a lumber camp along the Forest of Qohor. Qohor was colonized by followers of the Black Goat. The religious dissidents abandoned Valyria, rejecting the religious tolerance practiced by the Valyrian Freehold. Qohor is the most exotic of the Free Cities, due to its status as the western terminus for overland trade networks stretching all the way to Yi Ti. The dark arts, such as divination, blood magic, and necromancy, are are also practiced in the City.

43. #43Black Goat

    Keys: The Black Goat

    The Black Goat is the main god worshipped in the Free City of Qohor. The Black Goat demands daily blood sacrifice. The Qohorik often bring calves, bullocks, and horses before the Black Goat's altars. However, on holy days it is condemned criminals who go beneath the knives of the god's cowled priests, and, in times of danger and crisis it is written that the high nobles of the city offer their own children to placate the Black Goat, that he might defend the city.

44. #44Braavos

    Keys: Braavos, Braavosi, Braavos of the Hundred Isles

    Braavos is a secret and powerful of the Free Cities. It is located in the Great Lagoon on the northwestern end of Essos, where the narrow sea and the Shivering Sea meet. Braavos is known as the Secret City. Braavos is sometimes referred to as the "bastard daughter of Valyria." Braavos is not part of the Valyrian Freehold. Braavos is founded by escaped slaves, fleeing the grasp of the Freehold. The slaves travelled to the distant lagoon, hidden away from sight of the dragonlords by the wall of hills covered with pine trees and the fog covering the lagoon. The founders of Braavos risked their lives for freedom, and swore a vow that no one in their city would ever be a slave, thrall, or bondsman. This vow became the First Law of Braavos, and is engraved on the arch spanning the Long Canal. Braavos is comprised of a hundred islands linked together by small stone bridges spanning the many canals throughout the city. The houses in the humbler regions are tightly packed together, even over the canals. There are no trees to be found within the city (except in the courts and gardens of the mighty). Braavos is a flat city of stone architecture and granite monuments. The houses are usually slim buildings with peaked tile roofs, raised four to five stories tall. The Braavosi are a kind people, great lovers of song. Instead of traveling by horse, the Braavosi use boats. The Braavosi tongue is a bastard version of High Valyrian. Braavosi culture has created a unique form of sword fighting, the water dance. The style is a refined form of fencing in which the practitioner stands sideways and wields a slender blade. Braavos has courtesans. Every courtesan has her own barge and servants to work them. Songs are sung about them, and they are showered with gifts from goldsmiths and craftsmen beg for their custom.

45. #45Westeros

    Keys: Westeros, Westerosi

    Westeros is home to seven independent Kingdoms. The closest foreign nations to Westeros are the Free Cities, a collection of independent city-states across the narrow sea in western Essos. To the south of Westeros lie the Summer Isles. The continent of Westeros is long and relatively narrow, extending from Dorne in the south to the lands beyond the Wall. In the far north are the frozen Lands of Always Winter, where a large amount of land remains uncharted due to the extremely cold temperatures. Westeros's eastern coast borders on the narrow sea; across those waters lies the eastern continent of Essos and the island chain known as the Stepstones. To the south is located the Summer Sea, and within it the Summer Isles. The seven independent Kingdoms are Kingdom in the North, Kingdom of the Isles and the Rivers, Kingdom of Mountain and Vale, Kingdom of the Rock, Kingdom of the Reach, Kingdom of the Storm, and Realm of Dorne.

46. #46Kingdom of the North

    Keys: Kingdom of the North, Northen Kingdom, King of Winter, King in the North, Queen in the North, winterlands, winterland

    Kingdom of the North, or the winterlands, is one seven independent Kingdoms of Westeros ruled by Kings in the North. The largest region of the Seven Kingdoms. The north has been ruled by the Starks for thousands of years from the castle known as Winterfell. The only city in the region is White Harbor, while the most prominent northern towns are the winter town and Barrowton. Notable bannermen of the region include Bolton, Cerwyn, Dustin, Flint, Glover, Hornwood, Karstark, Manderly, Mormont, Reed, Ryswell, Tallhart, and Umber. Bastards of noble origin raised in the north are given the surname Snow. Most northmen are descended from the First Men, although there have been centuries of intermarriage with the Andals south of the Neck. The Old Tongue spoken by the First Men of antiquity has been replaced in the north by the Common Tongue. Northern accents can be considered "frosted". Many northmen are large in stature and have thick beards, long hair, and heavy cloaks of wool or fur. Northern warriors can ride shaggy horses. Many northmen disapprove of tourneys and gambling. Guest right is treasured in the north. Northmen have long memories and seek rightful vengeance when wronged. A northern custom is that he who passes that sentence should swing the sword. Most of the north's people still follow the old gods and their heart trees, and have little inclination for newer religions. Northmen hold the Night's Watch in high regard, and many lords send annual gifts to support the black brothers. The first night is a a marriage tradition practiced in the North. When smallfolk marry, their lord or king has the privilege to bed the bride on the first night. During harsh winters, many farmers and younger northmen seek refuge in the winter town or at the castles of lords.

47. #47House Stark

    Keys: House Stark, Stark, Stark of Winterfell, Starks

    House Stark is the ruling house of the Kingdom of the North. Their seat, Winterfell, is an ancient castle renowned for its strength. Their sigil is a grey direwolf racing across a field of white. Their words are "Winter Is Coming", one of only a few house mottoes to be a warning rather than a boast. The Starks have a reputation for long faces, brown hair, and grey eyes. Some are known for melancholy and iciness, while others have a wildness sometimes called "wolf blood". In the current generation of Starks, several members have the ability to enter the minds of their direwolf pets as wargs, giving them the ability to experience the senses of their direwolves and to see through their eyes. House Stark traditionally buries deceased members of their family in the crypts below Winterfell. The Kings of Winter and Lords of Winterfell are given a statue of their likeness, sitting by their tomb, whereas other family members normally do not get one. House Stark traditionally follows the old gods. The Starks have traditionally been friends of the Night's Watch. The Starks hold the belief that there must always be a Stark in Winterfell.

48. #48Kingdom of the Isles and the Rivers

    Keys: Kingdom of the Isles and the Rivers,

    Kingdom of the Isles and the Rivers is one seven independent Kingdoms of Westeros ruled by House Hoare, their realm included both the Iron Islands and the riverlands. House Hoare conquered the Trident from the Storm King. House Hoare ruled from a tower house at Fairmarket, while Harren the Black constructed the massive castle of Harrenhal along the Gods Eye.

49. #49Harrenhal

    Keys: Harrenhal

    Harrenhal, the largest castle in the Seven Kingdoms, is the seat of House Hoare in the riverlands, on the north shore of the Gods Eye. Harrenhal's holdings are some of the richest in Westeros, claiming vast tracts of green fertile land. Harrentown is found near the castle. Harrenhal is immensely strong. The castle has five towers of dizzying size, with equally monstrous curtain walls. The walls are incredibly thick and its rooms are built on a scale that would be more comfortable for giants than humans. Harrenhal has the largest chamber in Westeros. The castle covers three times as much ground as Winterfell and its buildings are so much larger that they can scarcely be compared. Its stables can house a thousand horses, its godswood covers twenty acres, and its kitchens are very large. Harrenhal is built on a gigantic scale; its colossal curtain walls are sheer and high as mountain cliffs while atop the battlements the wood-and-iron scorpions seem as small as their namesakes when seen from the ground. From outside the gatehouse, only the tops of five immense towers can be seen because the height of the walls obscure the view of them. Harrenhal's walls and towers are made of black stone. It has thirty-five hearths.

50. #50House Hoare

    Keys: House Hoare, Hoare, Hoares

    House Hoare of Orkmont is an house originally from the Iron Islands. The Hoares became Kings of the Iron Islands after Andal settlers on the islands ended the rule of House Greyiron. The Hoares eventually moved to Fairmarket and Harrenhal in the riverlands, where they ruled as Kings of the Isles and the Rivers for three generations. The Hoare banner depicted per saltire and with two heavy silver chains crossing between a gold longship on black, a dark green pine on white, a cluster of red grapes on gold, and a black raven flying in a blue sky. Hoares traits are ungodly, they have black of hair, black of eye, and black of hearts. The Hoare kings are cunning and cruel, but not valorous.

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